AHSEC Class 12 Indigo Important Questions Answers 2024 [HS 2nd Year English Solution]

AHSEC CLASS 12 Indigo is a Beautiful Chapter of Class 12 English (Flamingo). Here you will find a detailed Question Answer of Indigo.
AHSEC Class 12 English Chapter 3 Indigo Question Answers, Assam Board


AHSEC Class 12 English Solution 2024

Chapter - 2 Indigo 

Important Questions Answers


VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 Marks)

1 Who was Sir Edwad Gait? (HS 2012, 2015)

ANS: Sir Edward Gait was the Lieutenant Governor of the province of Champaran. 

2. Who was Rajkumar Shukla?(HS 2012, 2016)

ANS: Rajkumar Shukla was one of the poor sharecropper peasants of Champaran.

3. Whom did Gandhi and Shukla propose to meet at Patna?(HS 2013, 2017)

ANS: Rajendra Prasad

4. Why was Gandhi visiting Lucknow in 1916? 

(HS 2013,2020,2022) 

ANS: Gandhi was visiting Lucknow to attend the annual convention of the Indian National Congress party in 1916.

5. Where is Champaran situated?(HS 2014)

Or

Where was Champaran?(HS 2018)

ANS: Champaran was in the foothills of the Himalayas, near the kingdom of Nepal.

6. What did Shukla want Gandhi to do? (HS 2015)

ANS: Shukla wanted Gandhi to visit his district and seek a way out of the unfair situation prevailing there owing to the injustice of the landlord system.

7. What was Gandhi's politics intertwined with? (HS 2016) 

ANS: Gandhi's politics were intertwined with the practical, day to-day problems of the millions. 

8. Who is the author of the lesson, 'Indigo'?

ANS: The author of the lesson, 'Indigo' is Louis Fischer.

9. Which book by Louis Fischer has been reviewed as one of the best books ever written on Gandhi by Times Educational Supplement?

ANS: Louis Fischer's book - The life of Mahatma Gandhi has been reveiwed as one of the best books ever written about Gandhi by Times Educational Supplement.

10. When did Gandhi decide 'to urge the departure of the British? 

ANS: Gandhi decided to urge the departure of the British in 1917.

11. Where was Rajkumar Shukla from?

ANS: Rajkumar Shukla was from Champaran in the foothills of Himalayas, near Nepal. 

12. Why was Rajkumar Shukla 'resolute'?

ANS: Rajkumar Shukla is described as being 'resolute' because he was adamant to take Gandhi to Champaran. 

13. Where did Gandhi and Shukla board a train to?

ANS: Gandhi and Shukla boarded a train to the city of Patna in Bihar.

14. Whom did they meet there? 

ANS: They met Rajendra Prasad there.

15. Where did Gandhi decide to go first? 

ANS: Gandhi decided to go first to Muzzafarpur. 

16 Which country had developed synthetic indigo? (2019

ANS: Germany had developed synthetic indigo.

17. What was the capital of Champaran?

ANS:Motihari was the capital of Champaran

18. What happened when Gandhi refused to furnish bail? 

ANS: When Gandhi refused to furnish bail, the Judge released him without bail.

19. Where did the author of "Indigo" visit Gandhi for the first time?

ANS: The author of 'Indigo' visited Gandhi for the first time at Kanpur in 1942 at his ashram sevagram.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks)


1. Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning point in his life?(HS 2012)

Or

Why was the Champaran episode so significant in Gandhi's life? (HS 2016)

ANS: The Champaran episode began as an attempt to ease the sufferings of large number of poor peasants. He got spontaneous support of thousands of people. Gandhi admits that what he had done was a very ordinary thing. He declared that the British could not order him about in his own country. Hence, he considered the Champaran episode as a turning- point in his life.

2. What was the incident that prompted Gandhi to raise his voice of protest against the British? (HS 2013)

ANS: On the request of Rajkumar Shukla, a sharecropper peasant, Gandhi went to his district, Champaran to find a way out of the unfairness done to the Sharecroppers by the landlords. He, at last, forced out a way for an honourable settlement of the peasants. This episode of Champaran promoted Gandhi to protest against British as it made him clear that they must quit India sooner.

4. Why did Gandhi decide to go to Muzzafarpur first before going on to Champaran? (HS 2018)

ANS: Gandhi thought it would be advisable to go to Muzzafarpur which was on the way to Champaran because He wanted to collect more information about condition prevailing there. Therefore, he sent a telegram to Professor. J.B. Kripalani. He stayed there for two days in the house of Prof. Kripalani.Even the lawyers of Muzzafarpur called on Gandhi to brief him. 

5. What did Gandhi tell Rajkumar Shukla?

ANS: When Rajkumar Sukla requested Gandhi to visit his district, Champaran in order to find out a way of the unfair situation prevailing over there, Gandhi told him that he had an arrangement to go to Cawnpore (Now Kanpur) and then some other parts of India.

6. Why was Gandhi impressed with Shukla? (HS 2022)

ANS: Though Shokla was an illiterate person, he knew his duty and was very much determined to take Gandhi to his district, Champaran to find a way out of the unfairness done to the farmers by the Englishmen. When Gandhi returned to his ashram near Ahmedabad, Shukla followed him there too. For weeks he stayed with Gandhi and begged him to visit Champaran. This resolution and the tenacity of Shukla impressed Gandhi a lot.

7. What did the servants at Rajendra Prasad's house mistake Gandhi to be?

ANS: The servants at Rajendra Prasad's house knew Shukla as a farmer who was after their master to help the indigo sharecroppers.As Shukla was accompanying Gandhi ,so the servants presumed him to be another peasant and also an untouchable.

8. Why was Gandhi not allowed to draw water from the well? 

ANS: The servants at Rajendra Prasad's house knew Shukla as a poor farmer who was after their master to help the indigo They were the victims of landlord system in Champaran. Rajkumar Shukla went to meet Gandhi because he knew that only Gandhi can help them in getting freedom from the landlord system. 

9. Why did Gandhi chide the lawyers of Muzaffarpur? 

ANS: Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fees from the poor sharecroppers. When peasants were so poor and crushed, it was inhuman to charge heavy fee from them. 

10. Why did the indigo planters obtain new agreements from the sharecroppers to pay them compensation? Why did many sign willingly?

ANS: Germany had produced synthetic indigo. Now the plantation of indigo was no more profitable. The landlords wanted to free the peasants from the 15% agreement. For this freedom, they demanded compensation from them. Many of them signed willingly as the previous 15% arrangement was not liked by them.

11. What did Gandhi do to remove the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran Villages?

ANS: Politics and economic issues were important. But for Gandhi the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran villages was a curse. He wanted to do something about it immediately. Many volunteers came from other parts of India. Primary schools were opened in six villages. Kasturbai taught cleanliness and situation. Gandhi got a doctor to volunteer his services for six months.

12. Whom did Gandhi send a telegram to in Muzzafarpur?

ANS: Gandhi thought it would be better to go-first to Muzzafarpur to collect more information about conditions prevailing in Champaran.Hence, he sent a telegram to Professor J.B. Kripalani of the Arts College in Muzzafarpur whom he had seen at Tagore's Shantiniketan school.

13. Where did Gandhi stay in Muzaffarpur? (2019)

ANS: At Muzaffarpur, Gandhi-stayed at the home of Professor Malkani,a teacher in a government school. It was an extraordinary thing as in those days government professors were afraid to harbour or show sympathy for Indian advocates.

14. Why did Gandhi chide the lawyers?

ANS: Gandhi chided the lawyers of Muzzafarpur for a big fee on the cases of the sharecroppers. charging

15. What did the British Commissioner of the Tirhut division in Champaran district ask Gandhi to do?

ANS: Gandhi tried to get the fact about Champaran situation So, he called on the British official commissioner of the Tirhut division in which the Champaran district lay. But the commissioner instead bullied Gandhi and advised him to leave Tirhut at once. 

16. Why was Professor Malkani's action of offering shelter to Gandhi 'extraordinary'? (HS 2022,2020)

ANS: Professor Malkani was a teacher in a government school. Hence, it was extraordinary for him to offer shelter to Gandhi as during those days most government employees were afraid to harbour or show sympathy to an Indian advocate.


17. How was a solution to the problems of indigo sharecroppers of Champaran found? (HS 2023)

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi resolved the problems of the indigo sharecroppers of Champaran through a peaceful resistance movement known as the Champaran Satyagraha. His efforts brought attention to the farmers' plight and eventually led to the British government abolishing the system of forced indigo cultivation and returning the control of the land to the farmers.

18. What did Gandhi do to improve the health condition of the Champaran villages? (HS 2023)

Ans: Gandhi promoted sanitation and hygiene in Champaran village by encouraging the use of latrines and natural fertilizers. He established a mobile dispensary to provide medical aid and organized teams to distribute medicines and educate villagers. This helped improve the health conditions and reduce diseases in the area.


LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 Marks)

1. Describe the exploitation of the indigo sharecroppers by the English landlords. Did Gandhi help them to get an honourable settlement?   (HS 2013, 2017,2019) 

ANS: The English landlords in Champaran compelled all sharecroppers to plant 15% of their holdings with indigo. They had to surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent to the landlords. This was done by a long-term contract. Then Germany developed synthe..c indigo. The planta..on of natural indigo was no more a profitable business for English landlords. They decided to free the Indian sharecroppers from 15% contract. They were to pay compensation for this freedom. The peasants saw through the trick and fraud of the landlords. Therefore, they refused to pay the compensation. Those who had signed the agreement demanded their money back. Gandhi went to Bihar to take up the cause of poor peasants. There was a huge demonstra..on of thousands of peasants the very next day. The government was baffled. A commission of inquiry was constituted. Gandhi was the sole representative of the peasants. The landlords decided to refund the money to the peasants. At last, they settled for 25%.) The amount of refund was less important. The more important thing was the victory of the peasants and the victory of the Civil Disobedience in India.

2. Describe the efforts made by RK Shukla to persuade Gandhi to go to Champaran. (HS 2014)

ANS: Rajkumar Shukla a poor presant from Champaran went to the annual convention of the Indian National Congress party in Lucknow, to meet Gandhi. He told Gandhi that he wanted him to come to their district. Gandhi told Shukla that he had an appointment in Cawnpore. From Cawnpore he had to visit other parts of India. Shukla followed Gandhi everywhere. Then Gandhi returned to his ashram near Ahmadabad and Shukla followed him to the Ashram also. He did not leave Gandhi's side for weeks and pleaded Gandhi to fix a date to come Champaran. Gandhi was impressed by Shukla's steadfastness and asked the latter to come to Calcutta on such and such a date Gandhi asked him to come and take him from there. Months later Shukla met Gandhi at the Calcutta station and both left for Champaran.

3. 'The battle of Champaran is won', Gandhi exclaimed. Explain the context in which it was said. (HS 2015, 2016)

ANS: The lawyers played a very vital role in the Champaran movement. The news of Gandhi's advent spread among the lawyers of Muzaffarpur. They called on Gandhi to brief him. Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fees from the poor sharecroppers. Law courts were useless for them. The lawyers from Bihar were again in the news. Gandhi was going to be tried in the court. Rajendra Prasad, and several other prominent lawyers had arrived from Bihar to support him. Gandhi asked what they would do if he was sentenced to prison. A senior lawyer replied that if he went to jail, they would go home. Gandhi was disappointed. He asked what would happen to the sharecroppers if he went to jail. Who would fight for them? The lawyers felt ashamed. They thought that going home would be 'shameful desertion'. They told him that they were ready to follow him into jail. Gandhi was more than satisfied. He declared: "the battle of Champaran is won".

4. What was the long-term contract between the English landlords and the Sharecroppers of Champaran? Why did the sharecroppers protest this agreement?

ANS: Champaran is in the foothills of the towering Himalayas, near the kingdom of Nepal. Gandhi went there to find a way out of the unfairness done to the farmers by Englishmen. During the pre-independent times ,most of the arable land in the Champaran district was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen and worked by Indian tenants. The chief commercial crop was indigo.The landlords compelled all tenants to plant there twentieth or fifteen percent of their holdings with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent. This was done by long term contract.

However, when Germany developed synthetic indigo,indigo plantation was no, more profitable business for the English landlords.They decided to free the Indian sharecroppers from the 15 percent contract. However, for this freedom, the farmers had to pay a compensation. 

5. What solution to the problems of the poor did Gandhi suggest? How far did the Champaran Movement help in this direction?

Or

"The real relief for them is to be free from fear", remarked Gandhi. What do you think was "the beginning of their liberation from the fear of the British"?

ANS: The sharecropper peasants had to grow indigo on 15 percent of their holdings and surrender the indigo harvest as rent to the landlord. When Germany developed synthetic indigo, the British planters started extracting money illegally and deceitfully as compensation from the peasants for being released from the 15 per cent arrangement. The peasants were made to sign new agreements and pay money. The planters behaved as lords above the law. Many peasants engaged lawyers at hefty fees and went to courts. The Muzaffarpur lawyers briefed Gandhi about the peasants for whom they frequently represented in courts. Gandhi realised that these peasants were badly crushed and fear- stricken. Freedom from fear was more important than legal justice for them. Gandhiji was ready to court arrest for them. Thousands of peasants demonstrated spontaneously around the court. The government had to release Gandhi without bail. This voluntary uprising of the peasants marked the beginning of their liberation from the fear of the British.

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If you want to buy AHSEC Class 12 English Complete Solved Question Papers from the year 2012 to 2023 in PDF format. Click on the link Below  the PDF file price is Rs. 99/- only. 



PROSE

 

The Last Lesson Click here


Indigo Click here


Going Places Click here


Lost Spring Click here


Memoirs of chota sahib Click here

 

POETRY 


My mother at sixty-six Click here


Keeping Quiet Click here


A thing of beauty Click here


Roadside Stand Click here




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