AHSEC Class 12 Swadesh Adhyayan 2020 Solved Question Paper [HS 2nd Year Swadesh Adhyayan Previous Year Question Paper Solution]

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Are you looking for the AHSEC Class 12 Swadesh Adhyayan Solved Question Paper 2020 English Medium? Here have provides a detailed analysis and HS 2nd Year Swadesh Adhyayan Solved Question Paper 2020 English Medium under the Assam Higher Secondary Education Council (AHSEC) Now Assam State School Education Board (ASSEB). Assam Board Class 12 Swadesh Adhyayan Previous Year Question Paper Solution 2020 For students preparing for ASSEB DIVISION -II board exams, Assam HS Class 12 Swadesh Adhyayan previous year Solved question papers in Pdf are a crucial resource for understanding question patterns, marks distribution, and important topics.

AHSEC Class 12 Swadesh Adhyayan 2020 Solved Question Paper [HS 2nd Year Swadesh Adhyayan Old Question Paper Solution]

Assam HS 2nd Year Swadesh Adhyayan Solved Question Paper 2020

2020

Swadesh Adhyayan
(Theory)
Full Marks: 80
Pass Marks: 24
Time: Three Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

1. Find out the correct answers from the following:

(a) Out of the total basin area of the Brahmaputra, how much area falls in India ?

(i) 50.5%

(ii) 33.6%

(iii) 8.1%

(iv) 7.8%

Ans: (i) 50.5%.

(b) In which state of North Eastern Region the population density is found to be highest ?

(i) Mizoram

(ii) Sikkim

(iii) Arunachal

(iv) Nagaland

Ans: (iii) Arunachal.

(c) How many bamboo species are found in Assam ?

(1) 10

(ii) 28

(iii) 38

(iv) 42

Ans: (iii) 38.

(d) In which district, the Nameri National Park is situated ?

(i) Baksa

(ii) Udalguri

(iii) Sonitpur

(iv) Dibrugarh

Ans: (iii) Sonitpur.

(e) Of the total production in India, what percent of crude oil is produced in Assam ?

(i) 17

(ii) 22

(iii) 27

(iv) 34

Ans: (iii) 27.

(f) In which district of Assam, the Panidehing Wildlife Sanctuary is situated ?

(i) Nagaon

(ii) Sivasagar

(iii) Karbi Anglong

(iv) Kokrajhar

Ans: (ii) Sivasagar.

2. Write short answer of the following: 

(a) Write the names of two hill districts of Assam.

Ans: Dima Hasao (formerly North Cachar Hills) and Karbi Anglong.

(b) Name the districts of Assam having the highest and lowest population density.

Ans: Kamrup Metropolitan District has the highest population density, while some hill districts have the lowest.

(c) Name two indices used to measure species diversity.

Ans: Species richness and speciesevenness.

(d) Give the names of two popular cylindrical projections.

Ans: Examples of cylindrical map projections include Mercator projection and Gall-Peters projection.

3. Explanatory Answers:

(a) Why is the river Brahmaputra called the lifeline of the North Eastern Region?

Ans: The Brahmaputra sustains Assam’s World Heritage sites and Mega Biodiversity hotspots, making it vital for the region.

(b) Why is population density low in the hill districts of Assam?

Ans: The rugged, rocky terrain, moderate to low rainfall, and shallow, less fertile soils adversely affect population density.

(c) Explain the characteristics of biodiversity in Assam.

Ans: Assam hosts 193 mammalian species, including rare ones like the one-horned rhinoceros, golden langur, and hoolock gibbon, found only in specific protected areas due to limited distribution.

(d) What are the geographical causes of transport and communication backwardness in Assam?

Ans: Geographical constraints like rugged terrain, dense forests, and frequent flooding limit the development of transport and communication networks.

(e) Define map scale and mention its main types.

Ans: Map scale shows the ratio between distances on a map and the corresponding real-world distances. Main types include bar scales and verbal (lexical) scales.

two main types map scale

Bar scales and lexical scales.

4. (a) What do you understand by Remote Sensing ? Discuss briefly the application of GIS in geographical studies.

Ans: Remote sensing is a technique for capturing Earth's surface data from satellites, drones, or balloons. It provides geodata like land features, water bodies, and agricultural lands. GIS integrates remote sensing data and helps in decision-making by managing and analyzing environmental, demographic, and topographic information, aiding diverse industries.

As the name suggests, remote sensing is a technique that allows users to remotely capture information of the Earth’s terrain that is filled with valuable geodata – geological features (soil structure), drainage, ocean and hydrology, agriculture lands, construction projects and many many more.

Remote sensing provides another tool that can be integrated into a GIS. Remote sensing includes imagery and other data collected from satellites, balloons, and drones.

Finally, GIS can also include data in table or spreadsheet form, such as population demographics. 

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have different applications, and technological advancements have significantly enhanced GIS data, specifically how it can be used and what can be achieved as a result. Geographic Information Systems is a decision-making tools for any business or industry since it allows the collection, storage, management and analysis of environmental, demographic, and topographic data. 

Or

(b) Write the main reasons of slow industrial growth in Assam. Mention the problems faced by the bell and brass metal industries of the state.

Ans: The main reason for slow Industrial development are: 

(i) There is a lack of comprehensive and integrated planning for Industrial development through proper resource utilisation. (ii) The agro-based Industries haven’t made much headway despite good prospects.

Several indigenous industries in the country, especially the Bell Metal industry of Assam are facing problems like lack of technology upgradation, shrinking market, lack of advance skill/tools, increased prices of raw material, coal and other fuels, scarcity of raw material and lack of product diversification.

5. Find out the correct answers from the following:

(a) In which year the historic Yandaboo Treaty was signed ?

(1) 1823

(ii) 1825

(iii) 1826

(iv) 1828

Ans: (iii) 1826.

(b) In which year the Indian National Congress decided to start Quit India Movement ?

(i) 1828

(ii) 1920

(iii) 1935

(iv) 1942

Ans: (iv) 1942.

(c) In which year the battle of Saraighat was fought between the Ahoms and Mughals ?

(i) 1671

(ii) 1757

(iii) 1832

(iv) 1872

Ans: (i) 1671.

(d) Which one is the first oil refinery established in Assam ?

(i) Noonmati

(ii) Digboi

(iii) Bangaigaon

(iv) Numaligarh

Ans: (ii) Digboi.

(e) In which state the ‘chipko’ movement was started in India ?

(i) Bihar

(ii) West Bengal

(iii) Uttarakhand

(iv) Rajasthan

Ans: (iii) Uttarakhand

(f) How many wildlife sanctuaries are there in Assam ?

(i) 5

(ii) 8

(iii) 11

(iv) 17

Ans: (iv) 17.

6. Write short answers of the following:

(a) Name two places of peasant uprisings in Assam against the British Tax Policy.
Ans: Patharughat and the Patharughat massacre.

(b) In which years did the deportation of foreign nationals’ movement start, and the Assam Accord was signed?
Ans: The Assam Accord was signed on 15th August 1985 between the Government of India, the Government of Assam, the All Assam Students’ Union (AASU), and the All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad. The Assam Accord Implementation Department was established in 1986.

(c) Name two items made from elephant tusks.
Ans: Jewelry and piano keys.

(d) In which years did two earthquakes measuring above 8 on the Richter scale occur in Assam?
Ans: The earthquakes occurred on 12 June 1897 (8.2–8.3 magnitude) and later in Assam, causing catastrophic damage.

7. Answer the following questions:

(a) Explain the causes of Phulaguri Peasant Movement of 1861.

Ans: The main causes for the Phulaguri uprising of 1861 by peasants were:

1. The immediate cause was high taxes that was enforced by the British on the Assam farmers. The British also  imposed taxes on forest products made from cane, wood, bamboo, and so on. They had also introduced income tax for the first time

2. Poppy cultivation was banned since the British wanted to take over the trading in opium themselves

3. Along with the land revenue under Ryotwari system, the Brtish introduced other oppressive tax measures which were not consistent the peasants’ income level as well as the economic situation at that time.

In October 1861, the farmer rebellion in Phulaguri, Middle Assam, was the first ever peasant uprising within Indian liberty movement, much before the Champaran movement took place under Mahatma Gandhi’s leadership.

(b) Write briefly the impact on society culture and economy of Assam for population migration. 

Ans: Migration, particularly from Bangladesh, has drastically altered Assam’s demography. High population growth has strained resources and infrastructure, creating social, cultural, and economic challenges for the state.

After independence of India, the affect of migration to Assam was the highest. Illegal migration from Bangladesh is largely responsible for the demographic transformation of Assam. The claim of massive and continuing migration can be proved through the high decadal population growth rate of Assam since 1901.

(c) Write a note on handloom textile industries of Assam 

Ans: Assam is renowned for its silk fabrics, including Muga, Paat, and Eri. The handloom industry is a vital cottage industry employing millions, producing traditional and contemporary items like sarees, shawls, bed linens, and decorative furnishings. Assam’s silk fabrics have earned immense recognition from all over the world. The state is home to several types of silks, the most prominent and prestigious being muga, the golden silk exclusive to this state. Muga apart, there is paat, and eri, the latter being used in the manufacture of warm clothes.

The handloom industry is the country’s largest cottage industry, with 23.77 lakh looms. It is also the second-largest employment provider in the rural region employing more than 3 million people in direct and allied activities.

India produces several traditional products such as sarees, kurtas, shawls, ghaghra cholis, lungies, fashion accessories, bedspreads, etc. In the contemporary product category, the country produces fashion fabrics, western dresses, bed linens, drapes, kitchen linen, decorative furnishings and rug durries, etc.

(d) Write a brief note on the importance of Majuli island. 

Ans:Majuli, the world’s largest river island, is a cultural hub of Assam and a contender for UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites. It is known for its Sattriya culture, vibrant festivals, and ecological significance, attracting global tourists. 

It is also called the cultural capital of Assam. The festivals celebrated here are all full of joy and vibrance with a lot of music and dance. The main festival in the town of Majuli is called Raas and seeing it is a fascinating experience.

Majuli is a mystic place that is wrapped in history and culture. It is the biggest river island in the world, and home to the Sattriya culture, which has been playing a pivotal role in binding together different ethnic groups of the region through the spread of religious ideologies of Neo-Vaishnavism and its cultural traditions since the 15th century.

It is the world’s largest river island and it attracts tourists from all over the world.

(e) Write briefly on development of railway communication in Assam. 

Ans: Assam’s railway development began with the Dibru-Sadiya line (1882–1884) and expanded with the Eastern Bengal Railway (1902) and Assam Bengal Railway (1904). Railways connected Assam’s tea, timber, and oil hubs to major ports, revolutionizing transport and trade.

The first railway line to be constructed was the Dibru-Sadiya line between 1882 and 1884 connecting the tea, timber. coal and oil producing areas specially in Tinsukia and Dibrugarh district. It was followed by Construction of Jorhat Provincial Railway in 1885 between Mariani and Titabor area with Kokilamukh. In the same year Balipara tea producing area was connected to Tezpur. The railway line from Guwahati to Lumding began to be constructed in 1897. Dhubri was connected to Calcutta in 1902.

8. (a) Discuss the pre-conditions and results of Yandaboo Treaty.

Ans: The Treaty of Yandaboo (1826) ended the Anglo-Burmese War. Pre-conditions included British interests in controlling trade routes and the Burmese struggle to retain territory. The treaty ceded Assam, Manipur, and Arakan to the British, established boundaries, and ensured fair trade for British merchants. It marked the decline of Burmese influence in the region.

Some of the pre-conditions that led to the signing of the Yandabo Treaty include the British desire for greater control over trade routes and the Burmese desire to maintain their sovereignty and control over their territories. The war had also resulted in significant loss of life and resources on both sides, making it desirable for both parties to negotiate a settlement.

The Yandabo Treaty had several important results. One of the most significant was the cession of Assam, Manipur, and Arakan to the British East India Company. The treaty also granted the British the right to establish trading posts in various Burmese cities, including Rangoon, and ensured that British merchants would be granted fair treatment and protection.

Additionally, the Yandabo Treaty established a fixed boundary between British India and Burma and required the Burmese Kingdom to pay a large indemnity to the British as compensation for the cost of the war. Overall, the treaty marked a significant shift in the balance of power in Southeast Asia, as the British gained a stronger foothold in the region and the Burmese Kingdom began to decline in influence.

Or

(b) Write a historical note on the discovery of mineral oil and oil based industries in Assam.

Ans: The first commercial oil well in Assam was drilled at Digboi in 1867. The oil industry expanded with refineries and attracted companies like Burmah Oil and ONGC. While it boosted Assam’s economy and infrastructure, it also led to environmental issues and socio-economic disparities. The discovery was pivotal in shaping India’s modern oil industry. The discovery of oil in Assam played a critical role in the development of the modern oil industry in India.

The first indication of the presence of oil in Assam was noted in the early 19th century by British geologists. However, it was not until the late 19th century that significant deposits of oil were discovered in the region. The first commercial oil well in Assam was drilled in 1867 by the Assam Railways and Trading Company (ARTC) at Digboi. The oil produced by this well was used primarily for lubrication purposes.

Over the years, the ARTC expanded its operations and set up refineries to process the oil. The demand for oil in India grew rapidly, and soon other companies such as the Burmah Oil Company, the Indian Oil Corporation, and the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) entered the scene.

The development of the oil industry in Assam led to significant economic growth in the region. The oil refineries provided employment opportunities to the local population, and the revenues generated from the industry helped fund the development of infrastructure and other projects in the region.

However, the oil industry in Assam also had its share of controversies. The exploitation of oil resources led to environmental degradation, displacement of indigenous communities, and socio-economic disparities. These issues continue to be a matter of concern and debate in the region.

Despite the challenges, the discovery of mineral oil in Assam remains a significant event in the history of India’s industrialization. It paved the way for the development of the modern oil industry in India and helped drive the country’s economic growth.

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