AHSEC Class 12: Education 2024 Solved Question Paper[AHSEC-ASSEB DIVISION -II]

Get the AHSEC Class 12 Education 2024 solved question paper with detailed answers. Perfect for HS 2nd Year exam preparation and revision.

Are you searching for the AHSEC Class 12 Education Solved Question Paper 2024? Look no further! This article provides a detailed analysis and HS 2nd Year Education Solved Question Paper 2024 under the Assam Higher Secondary Education Council (AHSEC) Now Assam State School Education Board (ASSEB). For students preparing for board exams, solved papers are a crucial resource for understanding question patterns, marks distribution, and important topics.

AHSEC Class 12 Education Solved Question Paper 2024  HS 2nd Year Education Question Paper Solution 2024

AHSEC Class 12 Education Solved Question Paper 2024

HS 2nd Year Education Question Paper Solution 2024

Full Marks: 100

Pass Marks: 30,

Time: 3 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1×12=12

Fill in the blanks:

(a) The Chairman of the Secondary Education Commission of 1952-53 was Dr. A. Lakshmanswami Mudaliar.

(b) The secondary education system of Assam was controlled by Calcutta University since 1902 to 1948.

(c) In the state of Andhra Pradesh, the first Open University of India was established.

(d) Absence of direct contact between teacher and student is an important characteristic of Distance Education.

(e) A German biologist Ernst Haeckel introduced the concept of ‘Environmental Consciousness’ in 1869.

(f) The concept of ‘Population Education’ was developed by the American sociologist Kingsley Davis.

(g) ‘Gestalt’ is a German word which means ‘whole’ or ‘total pattern’.

(h) In a polygon, frequencies are plotted on midpoints of the class intervals.

Give a short answer in one sentence:

(i) In which year Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University was established in Assam?

Ans: 2006

(j) From which year twelve-year school education course has been implemented in Assam?

Ans: 1977

(k) In which year National Policy for the Empowerment of Women was adopted in India?

Ans: 2001

(l) “Learning is the modification of behavior through experience and training.” Who said this statement?

Ans: J.P. Guilford

(m) Who propounded the theory of connectionism?

Ans: Edward L. Thorndike

(n) What is the law of effect?

Ans: The law of effect states that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.

(o) “Interest is latent attention, and attention is interest in action.” Who said this statement?

Ans: John Dewey

(p) Write the formula for finding out the mean by the ‘assumed mean’ method.

Ans:Assumed Mean is calculated using the formula: 

x̄ = a + (Σfidi /Σfi)

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions: 2×12=24

(a) Mention two important impacts of the Kothari Commission on the Secondary Education of Assam.

Ans:

1. Curriculum Reforms: The Kothari Commission led to a more diversified and broad-based curriculum in Assam, introducing vocational subjects alongside traditional academic subjects to make education more relevant to the needs of students and the job market.

2. Focus on Science and Technology: The Commission emphasized the importance of science and technology education, resulting in improved infrastructure and resources for science education in secondary schools across Assam.


(b) Write two importances of Non-formal Education.

Ans:

1. Flexibility: Non-formal education offers flexible learning schedules and settings, allowing individuals who cannot participate in formal education due to various constraints (like work or family obligations) to still gain knowledge and skills.

2. Inclusivity: It provides educational opportunities to marginalized groups, such as rural populations, adults, and out-of-school youth, ensuring broader access to education.

(c) Write two differences between Formal Education and Non-formal Education.

Ans:

1. Structure: Formal education is highly structured with a set curriculum and a clear progression path, typically taking place in schools or colleges, whereas non-formal education is more flexible and can take place in various settings such as community centers, workplaces, or homes.

2. Certification: Formal education usually leads to recognized certifications and degrees, while non-formal education may not always provide formal qualifications, focusing instead on practical skills and knowledge.

(d) Mention two needs of population education.

Ans:

1. Awareness of Population Issues: It helps individuals understand the implications of population growth, resource allocation, and environmental impact, fostering responsible decision-making.

2. Family Planning: Population education promotes knowledge about family planning methods and reproductive health, contributing to better family health and well-being.


(e) Write two needs and Importance of physical education.

Ans:

1. Health and Fitness: Physical education promotes regular physical activity, which is essential for maintaining physical health, preventing diseases, and improving overall fitness.

2. Social Skills Development: It helps in developing social skills such as teamwork, leadership, and cooperation through sports and group activities.


(f) Write two relations between maturation and learning.

Ans:

1. Readiness for Learning: Maturation influences the readiness of an individual to learn certain skills or concepts. For example, children develop the fine motor skills needed for writing as they mature.

2. Developmental Stages: Learning is often more effective when it aligns with the individual's developmental stage, as certain cognitive abilities and emotional capacities emerge with maturation.


(g) Write two subjective factors of learning.

Ans:

1. Motivation: An individual's internal drive and desire to learn significantly impact the effectiveness and efficiency of the learning process.

2. Interest: Personal interest in a subject can enhance focus, engagement, and retention of information.


(h) What is habit memory?

Ans:

Habit memory refers to the type of memory involved in the unconscious recall of learned behaviors and routines, such as riding a bike or typing on a keyboard, which are performed automatically without conscious thought.

(i) Write two mental causes of forgetting.

Ans:

1. Interference: This occurs when new information interferes with the recall of previously learned information, or vice versa.

2. Repression: Forgetting may occur because certain memories are unconsciously blocked due to their distressing or traumatic nature.

(j) What is voluntary or volitional attention?

Ans:

Voluntary or volitional attention is the type of attention that involves a conscious effort to focus on a particular task or stimulus, requiring mental effort and control, such as studying for an exam.

(k) Write two characteristics of interest.

Ans:

1. Sustained Focus: Interest in a subject or activity can lead to prolonged attention and engagement, making it easier to learn and retain information.

2. Curiosity-Driven: Interest often drives curiosity, leading individuals to explore, ask questions, and seek out new information or experiences.

(l) Write any two objectives of mental health.

Ans:

1. Emotional Well-being: Promoting emotional stability and resilience to help individuals cope with stress and emotional challenges.

2. Positive Relationships: Encouraging the development of healthy interpersonal relationships and social support networks.


(m) Write any two aims of mental hygiene.

Ans:

1. Prevention of Mental Illness: Implementing practices and interventions that reduce the risk of mental health disorders.

2. Promotion of Mental Health: Encouraging behaviors and creating environments that enhance mental well-being and cognitive functioning.

(n) What do you mean by measures of central tendency?

Ans:Measures of central tendency are statistical tools used to describe the center point or typical value of a dataset. The main measures include the mean (average), median (middle value), and mode (most frequent value).

(o) Calculate mean and mode from the following data: 1+1=2

30, 48, 56, 64, 78, 82, 60, 50, 56 and 46

Sol.

Data Values

Frequency

30

1

48

1

56

2

64

1

78

1

82

1

60

1

50

1

46

1

Calculation:


[DOWNLOAD PDF FOR COMPLETE SOLUTION]

3. Answer any ten of the following questions: 4×10=40

(a) Discuss four aims of Secondary Education recommended by the Mudaliar Commission.

Ans:  The four aims of Secondary Education recommended by the Mudaliar Commission:

1. Broadening General Education: Provide a well-rounded education covering languages, sciences, social studies, and humanities.

2. Preparation for Citizenship: Instill values of democracy, social justice, secularism, and national unity to prepare students to be responsible citizens.

3. Preparation for Vocational and Technical Education: Offer practical skills training in agriculture, industry, commerce, and crafts to prepare students for jobs and entrepreneurship.

4. Promotion of Critical Thinking and Inquiry: Develop critical thinking, analytical skills, and problem-solving abilities across subjects to foster lifelong learning and adaptability.

(b) Write four objectives of Open Education.

Ans:  The objectives of Open Education simplified:

1. Increased Access: Make education more accessible by offering free or affordable resources and courses.

2. Flexibility: Provide learning options that fit different schedules and learning styles.

3. Collaboration and Sharing: Encourage educators and learners to share knowledge and resources globally.

4. Empowerment and Lifelong Learning: Support continuous learning and skill development for everyone, throughout their lives.

(c) Write four characteristics of an Open University.

Ans: The Following are four characteristics of an Open University:

1. Open Access: Open Universities accept students from diverse backgrounds without strict entry requirements.

2. Distance Learning: Courses and programs are primarily offered through online and remote study methods.

3. Flexibility: Students can study at their own pace and choose when and where to learn.

4. Support Services: Open Universities provide comprehensive assistance such as tutoring and academic advising to help students succeed.

(d) Discuss four principles of Environmental Education.

Ans: The Following are the four principles of Environmental Education:

1. Holistic Approach: EE shows how everything in nature is connected—like how ecosystems, societies, and economies interact.

2. Experiential Learning: EE lets you learn by doing things—like exploring nature firsthand to understand environmental issues better.

3. Action-Oriented: EE encourages you to take steps to protect the environment—like making choices that help the planet.

4. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving: EE helps you think carefully about environmental problems—like finding smart solutions to make a difference.

These principles help teach people about the environment and how they can help take care of it for a better future.

(e) Discuss four characteristics of the Trial-and-Error method of learning.

Ans:The Trial-and-Error method of learning has several key characteristics:

1. Exploratory Nature: This method involves trying out different actions or solutions until the correct one is found. It relies on testing various possibilities without a predetermined plan.

2. Feedback-Driven: Learning occurs through feedback from the outcomes of each trial. Successes reinforce correct actions, while failures indicate the need for a different approach.

3. Gradual Improvement: Progress is typically incremental. With each trial, errors are reduced, and the individual gradually improves their understanding and skills related to the task.

4. Persistence and Adaptation: Success with this method requires persistence. Learners must be willing to endure repeated failures and adapt their strategies based on the results of previous attempts until they achieve the desired outcome.

(f) Discuss four educational significances of learning by conditioning.


Ans: Learning by conditioning, which includes both classical and operant conditioning, is important in education in several ways:

1. Behavior Management:

   - Teachers can use rewards and punishments to encourage good behavior and reduce bad behavior.

2. Developing Study Habits:

   - By rewarding students for doing their homework and studying regularly, teachers can help students build good study habits.

3. Creating a Positive Classroom:

   - By making the classroom a positive and enjoyable place, students can develop a positive attitude towards learning and school.

4. Reducing Learning Anxiety:

   - Teachers can help students overcome fears related to learning by gradually exposing them to what they fear in a supportive way, making them feel more comfortable and less anxious.

(g) Discuss the marks of good memory.

Ans: Good memory is characterized by several key features. One mark is the ability to recall information accurately and quickly, demonstrating effective retrieval processes. A person with good memory can access stored information with minimal effort and in a timely manner. Another characteristic is the ability to retain information over long periods, indicating strong long-term memory retention. This involves the consolidation of information into long-term memory stores, allowing for lasting recall. Good memory also includes the capacity to organize and structure information in a meaningful way, facilitating better understanding and recall. This might involve the use of mnemonic devices, categorization, and other strategies to make information more accessible. Additionally, good memory is marked by the ability to adaptively apply past knowledge to new situations, showing not just recall but also the transferability of learned information to different contexts and problems, enhancing problem-solving and decision-making skills.

(h) Discuss any four characteristics of forgetting.

Ans: Forgetting is a natural part of the memory process and has several distinct characteristics:

1. Decay: 

   - Memories gradually fade over time if they are not actively rehearsed or recalled. This process reflects the natural weakening of memory traces in the brain.   

2. Interference: 

   - Proactive Interference: Older memories interfere with the ability to remember new information.

   - Retroactive Interference: New memories interfere with the retrieval of older information.   

3. Failure to Retrieve:

   - Sometimes, information stored in memory cannot be accessed. This can happen due to insufficient retrieval cues or because the memory trace is weak or incomplete.   

4. Context-Dependent Forgetting:

   - Information may be more easily forgotten if the context in which it was learned is significantly different from the context in which it is being recalled. This emphasizes the role of environmental and contextual cues in memory retention and retrieval.

(i) Discuss any four objectives or external conditions of attention.

Ans:  The  four objectives or external conditions of attention:

1. Selective Attention: Focus on important things while ignoring distractions.

2. Sustained Attention: Maintain concentration over a long time, like during studying or working.

3. Attentional Control: Manage attention effectively based on tasks and goals.

4. Environmental Factors: Surroundings like noise or distractions affect how well we can pay attention.

(j) Discuss the educational significance of attention and interest.

Ans: Attention and interest are pivotal in the educational process, profoundly impacting learning outcomes. Attention is crucial for effective information processing; without focused attention, learning becomes inefficient as students might miss key information and fail to comprehend the material fully. Teachers can enhance attention through engaging instructional strategies, clear presentations, and minimizing distractions in the learning environment. Interest, on the other hand, acts as a motivational driver, making learning experiences more enjoyable and meaningful for students. When students are genuinely interested in a subject, they are more likely to engage deeply, persist through challenges, and retain information longer. Incorporating students' interests into the curriculum and using real-world applications of academic concepts can boost both attention and motivation. Together, attention and interest foster a more dynamic and effective learning environment, encouraging active participation, enhancing memory retention, and ultimately leading to better academic performance.

(k) Define the meaning of mental health and hygiene.

Ans: Mental health refers to a state of well-being in which individuals can cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively, and contribute to their community. It encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being, influencing how people think, feel, and behave. Good mental health is essential for overall health and quality of life, allowing individuals to realize their full potential, build and maintain healthy relationships, and make sound decisions. Mental hygiene, on the other hand, involves practices and strategies aimed at maintaining and improving mental health. This includes adopting habits that promote emotional stability, stress management, and psychological resilience, such as regular physical activity, healthy eating, adequate sleep, positive social interactions, and mindfulness practices. Mental hygiene also involves seeking professional help when needed and fostering environments that support mental well-being, ultimately contributing to a healthier, more balanced lifestyle.

(l) Discuss the role of school in promoting the proper mental health of a child.

Ans: Schools play a crucial role in promoting the mental health of children by providing a supportive and nurturing environment. One way schools contribute is by implementing comprehensive mental health programs that include counseling services, mental health education, and awareness activities, helping students recognize and address mental health issues early. Schools can also foster a positive and inclusive school culture that encourages respect, empathy, and peer support, reducing instances of bullying and social isolation. By integrating social-emotional learning (SEL) into the curriculum, schools can teach students essential skills like emotional regulation, resilience, and effective communication.

(m) What is a histogram? Draw a histogram from the following distribution table: (use graph paper) 1+3=4

Class Interval

Frequency

90-99

80-89

70-79

60-69

50-59

40-49

30-39

20-29

10-19

2

4

6

8

12

7

5

4

2


N = 50


Ans: A histogram is a graphical representation of data that shows the frequency distribution of a continuous variable. It consists of bars, where the height of each bar represents the frequency (or relative frequency) of data within a specific class interval.

Class Interval

Frequency

90-99

80-89

70-79

60-69

50-59

40-49

30-39

20-29

10-19

2

4

6

8

12

7

5

4

2


[DOWNLOAD PDF FOR COMPLETE SOLUTION]

(n) What is a bar diagram? Discuss the different types of bar diagrams with examples. 1+3=4

Ans:A bar diagram, also known as a bar chart or bar graph, is a visual representation of data using rectangular bars with heights or lengths that are proportional to the values they represent. Bar diagrams are used to compare and contrast numbers, frequencies, or other measures of different categories of data.

The main types of bar diagrams:

1. Simple Bar Chart:   - Uses rectangular bars to represent values of variables.

   - Example: Showing monthly sales figures of different products.

2. Grouped Bar Chart:   - Displays bars side-by-side in groups to compare values across categories or sub-groups.

   - Example: Comparing product sales across different regions.

3. Stacked Bar Chart:   - Represents parts of a whole by stacking bars on top of each other.

   - Example: Showing budget allocations across different departments.

4. Clustered Bar Chart:   - Groups bars of the same category together and places different categories adjacent for comparison.

   - Example: Comparing company performance over multiple years.

5. Component Bar Chart:  - Divides bars into segments to represent parts of a whole within a single category.

   - Example: Displaying market share of companies in a specific segment.

4. Answer any four of the following questions: 6×4=24

(a) Discuss the suggestions of the Kothari Commission regarding the structure and standard of the education system in India.

Ans: The Kothari Commission, officially known as the Indian Education Commission, was appointed in 1964 to analyze the Indian education system and recommend improvements. Its suggestions aimed at restructuring and raising standards across various educational levels:

1. Universal Education: The commission emphasized the need for free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14, which later influenced the Right to Education Act.

2. Curriculum Reform: It recommended a uniform educational structure of 10+2+3, with ten years of general education followed by two years of higher secondary education and three years of university education.

3. Quality Improvement: The commission stressed improving teaching standards by enhancing teacher training programs, curriculum development, and evaluation methods.

4. Equalization of Educational Opportunities: It proposed measures to reduce disparities in educational access between rural and urban areas, different socio-economic groups, and genders.

5. Vocational Education: Recognizing the need for practical skills, the commission advocated for integrating vocational education into mainstream education to cater to the diverse needs of the economy.

Overall, the Kothari Commission's recommendations aimed at creating a more inclusive, comprehensive, and equitable educational system to meet the challenges of a developing India.

(b) Discuss the suggestions forwarded by ‘National Education Policy-1986’ regarding Secondary Education.

Ans: The National Education Policy of 1986 laid out comprehensive suggestions for reforming secondary education in India, focusing on several key areas:

1. Universalization and Access: The policy aimed to ensure universal access to secondary education by expanding infrastructure and promoting enrollment, particularly for marginalized and disadvantaged groups.

2. Curriculum Restructuring: It advocated for a balanced curriculum that integrated academic and vocational streams, catering to diverse student interests and career aspirations.

3. Quality Enhancement: Emphasis was placed on improving the quality of secondary education through enhanced teacher training, curriculum development, and evaluation reforms.

4. Examination Reforms: The policy recommended changes in examination patterns to reduce stress and promote holistic learning, including a shift towards continuous and comprehensive evaluation.


5. Equity and Social Justice: Measures were proposed to address disparities in secondary education access between rural and urban areas, different socio-economic backgrounds, and gender.

6. Technological Integration: Recognizing the importance of technology, the policy encouraged the use of educational technology to enhance teaching-learning processes and expand educational reach.

7. Vocationalization: It promoted the integration of vocational education within secondary education to equip students with practical skills relevant to the job market.

Overall, the National Education Policy of 1986 aimed to transform secondary education in India by focusing on accessibility, quality, relevance, and equity, laying the foundation for a more inclusive and responsive educational system.

(c) What do you mean by Value Education? Discuss the need and importance of Value Education in present social circumstances. 2+4=6

Ans: Value Education refers to the process of teaching and instilling core values and principles in individuals, typically within an educational setting. These values often include honesty, integrity, responsibility, compassion, respect, and fairness, among others. The aim of Value Education is to promote ethical and moral development, shaping individuals who can contribute positively to society.

In today's social circumstances, the need for Value Education is paramount for several reasons:

1. Ethical Development: In a rapidly changing world with diverse challenges, Value Education helps individuals develop a strong ethical foundation. It equips them with the ability to make sound moral judgments and ethical decisions in various situations.

2. Building Character: Value Education fosters the development of character traits such as empathy, tolerance, and responsibility. These qualities are crucial for building harmonious relationships and promoting social cohesion.

3. Cultural and Social Integration: In multicultural societies, Value Education promotes understanding and respect for different cultures, religions, and beliefs. It encourages tolerance and acceptance, thereby reducing conflicts and promoting social harmony.

4. Preventing Social Issues: Many contemporary social issues such as intolerance, violence, corruption, and environmental degradation stem from a lack of ethical values. Value Education addresses these issues by nurturing a sense of responsibility towards society and the environment.

5. Personal Growth: Value Education contributes to the holistic development of individuals by enhancing their emotional intelligence, resilience, and decision-making skills. It prepares them to face life's challenges with integrity and confidence.

In conclusion, Value Education is crucial in today's world to foster ethical behavior, promote social harmony, and prepare individuals to be responsible global citizens. It serves as a foundation for creating a just and sustainable society where individuals contribute positively to their communities and the world at large.

(d) What do you mean by woman empowerment? Discuss the role of education in women’s empowerment. 2+4=6

Ans: Woman empowerment refers to the process of enhancing the capacity of women to make strategic life choices where that ability had been previously denied or restricted due to gender norms, discrimination, or inequality. It involves giving women the power to control their own lives, pursue their aspirations, and participate fully in social, economic, and political activities.

Education plays a crucial role in women's empowerment:

1. Enhanced Knowledge and Skills: Education provides women with knowledge and skills that empower them to make informed decisions about their lives, health, careers, and families. It expands their opportunities and enhances their ability to participate meaningfully in society.

2. Economic Independence: Education equips women with skills that are essential for employment and entrepreneurship. It increases their earning potential and economic independence, reducing their dependency on others and enhancing their financial stability.

3. Social Empowerment: Education empowers women to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes. It strengthens their confidence and self-esteem, enabling them to assert their rights and contribute to societal changes that promote gender equality.

4. Political Participation: Educated women are more likely to engage in civic and political activities, including voting, advocacy, and leadership roles. Their participation in decision-making processes helps ensure that women's perspectives are represented and considered.

5. Health and Well-being: Education improves women's access to healthcare information and services, leading to better health outcomes for themselves and their families. It empowers them to make informed choices about reproductive health, nutrition, and sanitation.

(e) What do you mean by insightful method of learning? Discuss the educational significance of insightful methods of learning. 2+4=6

Ans: Insightful learning refers to a cognitive process where learners grasp the underlying principles or relationships in a problem or situation suddenly and unexpectedly. It involves the "aha moment" when learners gain a deep understanding or solve a problem in a way that is not immediately obvious. This approach contrasts with rote memorization or superficial understanding by encouraging critical thinking, creativity, and deeper comprehension.

The educational significance of insightful methods of learning can be outlined as follows:

1. Promotion of Critical Thinking: Insightful learning encourages students to analyze problems from different angles, leading to the discovery of underlying patterns or solutions. It promotes critical thinking skills essential for complex problem-solving.

2. Enhanced Retention and Application: When students achieve insights, they are more likely to remember and apply their understanding in new contexts. This leads to deeper learning and retention compared to rote memorization.

3. Fostering Creativity: Insightful learning stimulates creativity by allowing students to explore alternative perspectives and solutions. It cultivates innovation and originality in thinking.

4. Development of Metacognitive Skills: Students engaged in insightful learning reflect on their thinking processes and strategies, which enhances their metacognitive abilities. They become aware of how they learn and can apply effective learning strategies independently.

5. Motivation and Engagement: Achieving insights can be inherently rewarding and motivating for students. It increases their engagement in learning activities as they actively seek understanding and solutions.

6. Preparation for Real-World Challenges: Insightful learning prepares students for real-world challenges where solutions are not straightforward. It equips them with adaptive problem-solving skills and resilience in facing complex situations.

(f) What is the median? Compute the median from the following distribution table: 1+5=6

Class Interval

Frequency

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

2

4

5

7

10

12

8

5

3

2

2


N = 60

Sol. 


Class Interval

Frequency

Cumulative Frequency

80-84

2

2

75-79

4

6

70-74

5

11

65-69

7

18

60-64

10

28

55-59

12

40

50-54

8

48

45-49

5

53

40-44

3

56

35-39

2

58

30-34

2

60


Here, N=60N = 60N=60 represents the total frequency.

Find the Median Class: The median class is the class interval where the cumulative frequency just exceeds N/2=30N/2 = 30N/2=30.
From the cumulative frequencies:

  • Cumulative frequency just before N/2=30N/2 = 30N/2=30 is 28 (for class 60-64).

  • Cumulative frequency just after N/2=30N/2 = 30N/2=30 is 40 (for class 55-59).

Therefore, the median class is 60-64.

[DOWNLOAD THE PDF FOR COMPLETE SOLUTION]

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